1. Material characteristics: • Chemical composition: CK45 is a medium carbon steel, its chemical composition includes carbon (C) content of 0.42% ~ 0.50%, silicon (Si) content of 0.17% ~ 0.37%, manganese (Mn) content of 0.5% ~ 0.8%, phosphorus (P) content ≤0.035%, sulfur (S) content ≤0.035%. It also contains a small amount of chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu) and other elements. This chemical composition makes CK45 steel with high strength and hardness, and at the same time has a certain toughness and plasticity, can meet a variety of machining and use requirements. • Mechanical properties: With good machining properties, after proper heat treatment, can obtain high hardness and strength. Its mechanical properties such as tensile strength and yield strength are excellent, and it can withstand large loads and stresses. For example, in some mechanical devices that need to bear heavy loads, the CK45 precision hollow optical shaft can work stably to ensure the normal operation of the mechanical system. 2. Structural features: Hollow structure: The central part of the hollow optical axis is hollow, and this structural design has many advantages. On the one hand, the hollow structure reduces the weight of the optical shaft, and in some equipment or devices with strict requirements for weight, the overall weight load can be reduced, which is easy to install and transport; On the other hand, the hollow structure can provide space for the installation of other components or the passage of cables, for example, in some automation equipment, the sensor cable or hydraulic pipe can be arranged through the inside of the hollow optical shaft, so that the structure of the equipment is more compact and concise. • High precision size: CK45 precision hollow optical shaft has extremely high dimensional accuracy, including outer diameter size, inner diameter size, straightness, roundness and so on. The dimensional tolerance of the outer diameter and the inner diameter is controlled within a small range, which can ensure the accurate fit with other parts; Good straightness and roundness ensure the smoothness and accuracy of the optical axis when rotating or moving in a straight line, and reduce the vibration and error caused by the shaft’s irregularity or irregularity. 3. Processing technology: • Processing process: Manufacturing CK45 precision hollow optical shaft requires multiple processing processes, including raw material selection, forging, turning, grinding, heat treatment, etc. Firstly, CK45 steel that meets the requirements is selected as raw material, and the internal structure of steel is improved through forging process to improve its performance. Then the turning process is carried out to remove the excess material and initially form the shape of the optical shaft; Then the grinding process is carried out to improve the surface accuracy and dimensional accuracy of the optical shaft; Finally, heat treatment is performed as needed, such as quenching, tempering, etc., to obtain the required hardness and strength and other properties. • Surface treatment: In order to improve the surface quality and corrosion resistance of hollow optical shafts, surface treatment is usually carried out. For example, chromium plating, nickel plating and other treatments form a protective film on the surface of the optical shaft, which can not only improve its surface hardness and wear resistance, but also prevent rust and corrosion, and extend the service life of the optical shaft. 4. Application field: • Mechanical manufacturing: In a variety of mechanical equipment, such as machine tools, injection molding machines, printing presses, etc., CK45 precision hollow optical shaft is often used as a drive shaft, guide shaft, support shaft, etc. Its high precision and high reliability can ensure the accurate operation and stable work of mechanical equipment, and improve the processing accuracy and production efficiency of the equipment. • Automation equipment: In automated production lines, robots and other automation equipment, hollow optical shaft can provide installation and protection space for various sensors, cables, etc., while its high precision and good motion performance can meet the strict requirements of automation equipment for parts. • Hydraulic system: In the hydraulic system, CK45 precision hollow optical shaft can be used as the piston rod or cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder to withstand the pressure and friction of the hydraulic oil to ensure the normal operation of the hydraulic system. Its good sealing and wear resistance can prevent the leakage of hydraulic oil, improve the efficiency and reliability of the hydraulic system.

1. Engine and transmission: Hollow optical shafts play a key role in the transmission system of engines and transmissions, transmitting power and bearing complex mechanical loads. 2. Piston rod for automobile manufacturing: As a key component in the automotive manufacturing process, the hollow optical shaft not only transmits power, but also reduces the weight of the vehicle and improves fuel economy due to its lightweight design.

1. Mechanical structure: In the mechanical field, hollow rods are often used as drive shafts, support shafts, guide rods, etc. For example, in some automation equipment, the hollow rod can be used as a drive shaft to transfer power from the motor to other components; In cranes, lifts and other equipment, the hollow rod can be used as a supporting shaft to bear a large load; In machine tools, molds and other equipment, the hollow rod can be used as a guide rod to ensure the accuracy and stability of moving parts. 2. Construction field: Hollow rods are also widely used in the construction field. For example, in steel structure buildings, hollow steel pipes can be used as columns, beams and other structural components, with high strength, light weight, convenient construction and other advantages; In temporary structures such as scaffolding and formwork support, hollow rods can be used as rods to form a stable support system. 3. Other fields: Hollow rods can also be used in other fields, such as sports equipment, furniture manufacturing, decorative materials, etc. For example, in sports equipment such as golf clubs and bicycle frames, hollow rods can reduce weight and improve performance; In furniture manufacturing, hollow metal rods can be used as frame materials to increase the stability and beauty of furniture; In decorative materials, hollow rods can be used as parts such as railings and handrails to play the role of decoration and protection.